Directed Motivational Currents Under DST: A Critical Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
"Directed motivational currents" (DMCs) represent a novel construct within L2 motivation theory, extensively utilized in the domain of second language acquisition research. Initially introduced by Dörnyei (2013), DMCs describe a state of complete immersion in a task, aligning with the dynamic systems theory (DST), particularly during the socio-dynamic phase of L2 motivation. At the outset, Dörnyei was inspired by the 'flow experience' introduced by Csikszentmihalyi in 1975. This review centers on the construct of 'directed motivational currents' in accordance with the complex dynamic systems theory (DST). Consequently, the four significant periods in second language (L2) motivation, the complex dynamic systems theory, as well as the characteristics and dimensions of DMCs will be expounded. Additionally, this article begins with presenting its origin and reflecting on how the research of DMCs has evolved over time. This can be categorized into its validity, its application in teaching, the triggers and mediating forces involved, and its relationship with other concepts. Critiques regarding it will also be provided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".