The Roles of Dietary Organic Trace Minerals on Animal Antioxidative Status, Gut Health, and Environmental Sustainability: A Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The livestock industry is currently focused on improving production through sustainable nutrition practices. This has spurred scientists to investigate the potential of functional nutrients in providing health benefits beyond their nutritional value. The use of inorganic trace minerals (ITMs) has registered some successes but with some drawbacks arising from their low absorption rate, causing the excretion of copious amounts of trace minerals in manure, which pollutes the environment and becomes detrimental to soil physiology and crop health. Organic trace minerals (OTMs) are relatively more effective due to their stability and lower reactivity, although their functionality and pH depend on production processes. Here, we underscore the effects of OTM supplementation in animal diets to enhance the host’s antioxidant capacity and gut health and promote environmental sustainability, as presented in the graphical abstract. Through adequate dietary OTM supplementation, animals can develop powerful resistance against the negative effects of physiological stressors or diseases by reinforcing the host’s systemic antioxidant defenses and alleviating compromises on the gut’s structure and functions, the gut being the primary site of nutrient digestion and absorption. The high cost of OTMs and the inconsistent outcomes of some across different animal species present significant limitations. Therefore, further research is needed to determine species-specific OTM requirements to optimize health and performance without over-supplementation. Also, researchers should further investigate the impact of OTMs, alone or in combination with other functional nutrients on animals’ immunological responses during oxidative or pathological conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".