Mode of action of silver-based perovskite against Gram-negative bacteria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Although silver is known for its antibacterial activity, its exact mode of action remains unclear. In our previous work, we described AgNbO 3 nanoparticles (AgNbO 3 NPs) prepared using a ceramic method, followed by high-energy and low-energy ball-milling processes, which exhibited antimicrobial activity with negligible release of Ag + in deionized water. Here, we investigated thoroughly the mode of action of these AgNbO 3 NPs against Escherichia coli . Drastic morphological changes in E. coli were observed after their exposure to AgNbO 3 NPs. In addition to cellular damage, AgNbO 3 NPs induced the production of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, likely following the release of small amounts of Ag + . This was concluded from the characterization of mutants resistant to AgNbO 3 NPs that showed cross-resistance to AgNO 3 , impaired reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation, and harbored a key mutation in a two-component regulatory system regulating an Ag + efflux pump. We calculated, however, that the quantity of Ag + released from AgNbO 3 NPs is not sufficient by itself to lead to bacterial death. We propose that bacterial contact with the AgNbO 3 NPs in combination with Ag + release is necessary for the mode of action of AgNbO 3 NPs. IMPORTANCE Silver is known for its antibacterial activity, but its exact mode of action remains unclear. Here, we investigated thoroughly the mode of action of AgNbO 3 nanoparticles against Escherichia coli . Our data suggest that AgNbO 3 nanoparticles have dual effects on the cell and that both are required for its lethal action.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".