Safety and efficacy of glofitamab for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma in a multinational real-world study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Glofitamab, a bispecific antibody targeting CD20 and CD3, is approved for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL) after at least 2 prior treatment lines, but real-world data are scarce. In this retrospective, multicenter, multinational study, we evaluated the outcomes of 70 patients with r/r DLBCL treated with glofitamab as part of the compassionate use patient program in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The median number of prior treatment lines was 4, with 71% of patients refractory to their last treatment. Cytokine release syndrome was observed in 40% of patients (grade 3-4 in 2%), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome in 10% (grade 3 in 1%), and infections in 31% (grade 5 in 3%). The overall response rate was 46%, with 27% achieving complete responses (CR) and 19% partial responses. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.6 months, whereas the median overall survival was 5.7 months. Notably, 13 patients (19%) were in CR 6 months after initiating glofitamab and exhibited durable responses. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase is the most robust predictor of inferior outcome. Patients pretreated with bendamustine within 6 months prior to glofitamab initiation exhibited significantly reduced PFS, suggesting that bendamustine may impair T-cell fitness and hence glofitamab efficacy. In summary, glofitamab demonstrates promising efficacy and a manageable safety profile in heavily pretreated patients with r/r DLBCL in a real-world scenario and the optimal sequence of treatments should use T-cell-depleting agents before glofitamab with caution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".