Finite Element Method Modeling of the Wire Thickness of a Monopole on a Circular Ground Plane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Simulations and measurements of the input impedance and matching of a cylindrical monopole at the center of a circular ground plane are presented. The design parameters are the monopole length ( to ), the monopole radius ( to ), and the ground plane radius ( to ), where is the wavelength. Using new numerical results from the Finite Element Method (FEM), previous theoretical impedance results for an infinitesimally thin element are shown to be inaccurate for monopoles of practical thicknesses since there can be a strong dependence on the wire thickness—even for electrically very thin wires. The FEM offers convenient modeling for the wire thickness and the results match well with physical experiments. To obtain good antenna impedance matching to a 50 impedance, that is, dB, for any ground plane radius greater than (an arbitrary lower bound) and any practical wire monopole radius, the simulations show that a monopole length of can be used.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".