Oral Frailty Awareness and Singing Habit-Oral Frailty Association in Japanese General Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Oral frailty (OF) is a risk factor for physical frailty and mortality and strongly predicts the need for long-term care in the community-dwelling elderly. Our previous exploratory study of singing habit afforded underpinnings for examining its potential role in OF prevention and indicated a need for conducting a large-scale questionnaire survey. OBJECTIVES: To examine the OF awareness levels of Japanese general adults, to investigate the associations of singing habit with OF and oral health literary-related factors, and to characterize singing habit. METHODS: A nationwide, internet, self-completed questionnaire survey in 700 Japanese general adults in their twenties to eighties (350 males and 350 females; median age: 55.0 years; range [20-89 years]). RESULTS: The present study revealed that the vast majority (83.5%) of Japanese general adults have “very low/low” OF awareness levels. The study disclosed significant associations of OF with the number of teeth present and oral health literacy scores (P<0.001 each) but failed to demonstrate a statistically significant association of singing habit with OF prevention, presumably due to a diversity of negative factors [e.g., the high proportion (57.7%) of “nonsingers” among all responders]. CONCLUSION: The vast majority of surveyed Japanese general adults had very low/low OF awareness levels, suggesting a need for improving current anti-OF programs to increase these levels through a novel, unconventional approach. Singing habit failed to show a significant association with OF prevention. Nearly half of all responders were nonsingers, inferring that surveyed Japanese general adults were not eligible for the precise assessment of the potential OF-preventing effect of singing habit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".