Oral Frailty Awareness and Singing Habit-Oral Frailty Association in Japanese General Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Oral frailty (OF) is a risk factor for physical frailty and mortality and strongly predicts the need for long-term care in the community-dwelling elderly. Our previous exploratory study of singing habit afforded underpinnings for examining its potential role in OF prevention and indicated a need for conducting a large-scale questionnaire survey. OBJECTIVES: To examine the OF awareness levels of Japanese general adults, to investigate the associations of singing habit with OF and oral health literary-related factors, and to characterize singing habit. METHODS: A nationwide, internet, self-completed questionnaire survey in 700 Japanese general adults in their twenties to eighties (350 males and 350 females; median age: 55.0 years; range [20-89 years]). RESULTS: The present study revealed that the vast majority (83.5%) of Japanese general adults have “very low/low” OF awareness levels. The study disclosed significant associations of OF with the number of teeth present and oral health literacy scores (P<0.001 each) but failed to demonstrate a statistically significant association of singing habit with OF prevention, presumably due to a diversity of negative factors [e.g., the high proportion (57.7%) of “nonsingers” among all responders]. CONCLUSION: The vast majority of surveyed Japanese general adults had very low/low OF awareness levels, suggesting a need for improving current anti-OF programs to increase these levels through a novel, unconventional approach. Singing habit failed to show a significant association with OF prevention. Nearly half of all responders were nonsingers, inferring that surveyed Japanese general adults were not eligible for the precise assessment of the potential OF-preventing effect of singing habit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".