Socioeconomic/health-related factors associated with HPV vaccination initiation/completion among females of paediatric age: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: To systematically identify, appraise, and summarise published evidence on individual socioeconomic and health-related factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation and completion among females of paediatric age. Study design: A global systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42023445721). Methods: We performed a literature search in December 2022 and supplemented the search on August 1, 2023. Appropriate data were pooled using an inverse variance, random-effects model and the results were expressed as odds ratios, with 95 % confidence intervals. A statistically significant point pooled increased/decreased odds of 30-69 % was regarded to be strongly associated, and ≥70 % was very strongly associated. Results: We included 83 cross-sectional studies. Among several significantly associated factors, being an older girl: 1.67 (1.44-1.93), having health insurance: 1.41 (1.16-1.72), and being in a public school: 1.54 (1.05-2.26) strongly increased the odds of vaccination initiation, and nativity in the country of study: 1.82 (1.33-2.50), use of contraception: 2.00 (1.16-3.46), receipt of influenza vaccination: 1.75 (1.54-2.00) and having visited a healthcare provider: 1.85 (1.51-2.28) in the preceding year very strongly increased the odds of vaccination initiation. Likewise, being an older girl: 1.36 (1.23-1.49) and having visited a healthcare provider in the preceding year: 1.46 (1.05-2.04) strongly increased the odds of vaccination series completion, and school-based vaccination: 3.08 (1.05-9.07), having health insurance: 1.72 (1.27-2.33), and receipt of influenza vaccination in the preceding year: 1.72 (1.62-1.83) very strongly increased the odds of vaccination series completion. We made similar observations when the studies were limited to the United States. Conclusions: Several individual socioeconomic/health-related factors may determine initiating and completing the HPV vaccination series among paediatric females. These factors provide insights that may be key to identifying girls at increased risk of not being vaccinated and may aid targeted public health messaging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".