Catalytically inactive subgroup VIII receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases regulate the immune-triggered oxidative burst in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Protein kinases are key components of multiple cell signaling pathways. Several receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) have demonstrated roles in immune and developmental signaling across various plant species, making them of interest in the study of phosphorylation-based signal relay. Here, we present our investigation of a subgroup of RLCKs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, we focus on subgroup VIII RLCKs: MAZ and its paralog CARK6, as well as CARK7 and its paralog CARK9. We found that both MAZ and CARK7 associate with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 in planta and, furthermore, that CPK28 phosphorylates both MAZ and CARK7 on multiple residues in areas that are known to be critical for protein kinase activation. Genetic analysis suggested redundant roles for MAZ and CARK6 as negative regulators of the immune-triggered oxidative burst. We provide evidence that supports homo- and heterodimerization between CARK7 and MAZ, which may be a general feature of this subgroup. Multiple biochemical experiments indicated that neither MAZ nor CARK7 demonstrate catalytic protein kinase activity in vitro. Interestingly, we found that a mutant variant of MAZ incapable of protein kinase activity can complement maz-1 mutants, suggesting non-catalytic roles of MAZ in planta. Overall, our study identifies subgroup VIII RLCKs as new players in Arabidopsis immune signaling and highlights the importance of non-catalytic functions of protein kinases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".