Modulation of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> interlayer spacing and functional groups by Lewis‐basic halides and their effects on Li<sup>+</sup> storage properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Surface and interfacial chemistry play a vital role in shaping the properties of two‐dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). This study focuses on utilizing Lewis‐basic halides (LiCl/KCl) for thermal treatment of multilayered Ti 3 C 2 T x , leading to the simultaneous modulation of interlayer spacing and surface functional groups. Compared to the pristine Ti 3 C 2 T x , the LiCl/KCl treated sample (heating temperature: 450°C, denoted as LK‐Ti 3 C 2 T x ‐450) showcases a remarkable increase in the interlayer spacing and synergistic optimization of the functional groups. These modifications endow LK‐Ti 3 C 2 T x ‐450 with enhanced electrochemical properties, rendering it as a promising anode candidate for lithium‐ion batteries. The increased interlayer spacing is particularly advantageous, as it facilitates efficient and rapid Li + diffusion, a vital factor in enhancing the performance of energy storage devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".