Permafrost and ground-ice conditions in the Untersee Oasis, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Knowledge of Antarctic permafrost is mainly derived from the Antarctic Peninsula and Victoria Land. This study examines the 2019–2023 temperature and humidity conditions, distribution and development of polygonal terrain and the origin of ground ice in soils of the Untersee Oasis. In this region, the surface offset (MAAT ≅ MAGST) and the thermal offset (MAGST ≤ TTIT) reflect the lack of vegetation, absence of persistent snow and a dry soil above the ice table. The mean annual vapour pressure at the ground surface is approximately ~2× higher than in the air but is ~0.67× lower than at the ice table. The size of polygons appears to be in equilibrium with the ice-table depth, and numerical modelling suggests that the depth of the ice table is in turn in equilibrium with the ground surface temperature and humidity. The ground ice at the ice table probably originates from the partial evaporation of snowmelt that infiltrated the dry soil column. As such, the depth of the ice table in this region is set by the water vapour density gradient between the ground surface and the ice-bearing ground, but it is recharged periodically by evaporating snowmelt.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it