Free Falling: Fizzing Wild‐Caught Smallmouth Bass Results in the Inability to Control Buoyancy in Deep Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fizzing, a somewhat controversial technique for mitigating barotrauma, uses hollow hypodermic needles to release gas from the swim bladder of fish. To isolate effects of fizzing, 106 smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) were caught from shallow water without barotrauma and tested to determine if they could effectively control their buoyancy after having their swim bladder fizzed or punctured by releasing them over shallow (10 m) or unsuitably deep (55 m) habitat. Depth and behavior were monitored with biologgers. Most fizzed (57%) and punctured (61%) fish were unable to regulate their buoyancy in deepwater, sinking to the bottom and appearing moribund. In shallow water, punctured smallmouth bass stayed higher in the water column (like controls), while many fizzed fish stayed on the bottom. Our results suggest that if smallmouth bass are fizzed and immediately released, precautions should be taken to ensure they are released in areas of appropriate water depths (< 10 m).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".