Characterizing the impacts of seismic lines on the water budget of a Boreal Watershed in Alberta (Western Canada)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 706 km 2 watershed located in a heavily industrialized region near Fox Creek, Alberta, Canada. Petroleum exploration has increasingly disturbed boreal ecosystems in North America. Seismic lines are one of the major footprints of the petroleum industry: they form cleared linear corridors in forests and their regeneration is generally poor. For this study, field measurements of soil, vegetation, water and snow were conducted on 5 paired (seismic line and adjacent undisturbed area) sites located in lowland and upland ecosites, and a 1-D physically based hydrologic model, the Simultaneous Heat and Water Model (SHAW), was used to investigate the impacts of seismic lines on the water budget over a year. Field measurements indicate that parameters, including soil water content and temperature, vary according to a complex combination of factors and are highly site-specific between seismic lines and undisturbed areas. Hydrological modeling of the two ecosites (lowland and upland) showed up to a 33 % reduction in evapotranspiration and a decrease in percolation (leading to none) below the root zone on seismic lines. Considering that there are 2300 km of seismic lines in the study area and that 36 % of the forest has been cleared for industrial activities, these results suggest that the water budget is impacted by anthropogenic lineaments. Climate change will likely intensify these impacts. • Field measurements of soil, vegetation, water and snow were done on 5 paired sites. • Soil moisture and temperature conditions were highly site specific. • Hydrologic modeling showed lower ET and percolation on seismic lines. • Anthropogenic lineaments in the boreal forest impact the water budget.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".