Electrophysiological Changes in Simulated Atrial Sheets Due to Sympathetic Hyperactivity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electrophysiological changes in the atria due to sympathetic hyperactivity during episodes of psychological distress are unclear. We simulated sympathetic hyperactivity by rapidly pacing atrial sheets with increasing adrenergic stimulation (AS) spatial densities. We measured changes to the electrophysiological parameters of atrial sheets, such as captured waves (CW), conduction speed (CS), slope of depolarization (SoD), isolated conduction channels (ICC), and wavefront ratio (WFR), using videos and action potential signals. The number of CWs could be limited by as much as 90% in atrial sheets with 50% AS elements, indicating a physiological block. While CS is maintained, SoD for atrial sheets with 15% AS elements is 20% faster than plain atrial sheets. ICCs appear in atrial sheets with ≥15% AS spatial densities. ICCs temporally vary by as much as 60% in atrial sheets with 20% AS elements. WFR decreases by as much as 40% due to minimal ICCs. We found significant differences for each parameter across AS spatial densities via Kruskal-Wallis test (p ≤ 0.001). Our findings may provide a potential electrophysiological basis for atrial arrhythmias due to psychological distress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".