<i>Ganaspis kimorum</i> (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), a promising parasitoid for biological control of <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ganaspis Foerster includes several cryptic species that are important larval parasitoids of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), spotted-wing drosophila (SWD). Drosophila suzukii, native to Asia, was first discovered in 2008 in North America and Europe, becoming a devastating pest of soft-skinned fruit crops. Biological control could be among the safest, most environmentally benign, and cost-effective methods for long-term and landscape-level management of this invasive pest. Foreign exploration in East Asia discovered several major larval D. suzukii parasitoids. One of them was initially described as Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) and consisted of 2 major genetic groups (G1 and G3). The groups are now recognized as 2 different species, Ganaspis kimorum Buffington and Ganaspis lupini Buffington. The more host-specific species G. kimorum was selected and approved for field release in the United States in 2021 and has been widely released since 2022. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the parasitoid’s taxonomy, current known distribution, biology, ecology, mass-rearing methods, and biological control potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".