Coculture with Eastern oysters is unlikely to reduce OsHV-1 impacts to farmed Pacific oysters: A modelling approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent decades, the global expansion of Pacific oyster Magallana gigas aquaculture, driven by this species’ adaptability and rapid growth, has coincided with the emergence of novel and virulent microvariants ( mu vars) of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), causing significant industry losses. As a potential alternative, the eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) demonstrates lower susceptibility to OsHV-1. This study developed a transmission model for OsHV-1 in mixed oyster aquaculture systems, focusing on the impact of C. virginica introductions on transmission dynamics within established M. gigas systems. The model considers oyster growth, mortality, filtration, viral particle release, and environmental decay. In the absence of experimental data on OsHV-1 infection dynamics in co-culture systems, the model was evaluated using data from monoculture systems. Additionally, the co-culture model was validated for mathematical accuracy and behavior across varying species proportions of M. gigas/C. virginica (90/10, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 10/90). Simulation results indicated that introducing C. virginica did not impede OsHV-1 progression; even in the M. gigas/C. virginica 10/90 system, M. gigas mortality reached its maximum, albeit delayed by approximately 10 days. Coculture scenarios did not provide a significant advantage for M. gigas , likely due to OsHV-1 particle saturation in the water column. The model’s performance across diverse scenarios positions it as a valuable tool for understanding waterborne pathogen dynamics in mixed host-species systems, supporting investigations into aquaculture species introductions and their influence on disease dynamics. • A continuous OsHV-1 time model for C. virginica and M. gigas coculture system is developed. • The model is preliminary verified and evaluated against empirical data. • C. virginica introduction into M. gigas system does not limit OsHV-1 infection nor mortality in M. gigas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".