The relationship of macular vessel density and foveal avascular zone with pulse wave velocity and central blood pressure in healthy adults: Persian cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the correlation of macular vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters measured on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with systemic arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis, arterial age, and central blood pressure (CBP) measurements in healthy subjects. METHODS: In a comparative, cross-sectional, observational study, healthy adults who participated in the PERSIAN Cohort study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were included in this study. The study involved using a spectral domain OCTA device to obtain 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm scans of the macular superficial capillary plexus (SCP) VD, deep capillary plexus (DCP) VD, and FAZ vascular analysis. Additionally, we used the SphygmoCor XCEL System (AtCor, Itasca, IL) to analyze systemic vascular parameters like CBP and PWV. RESULTS: The study included 296 healthy participants with a mean age of 39.2 ± 6.7 years, and 152 subjects (51.3%) were female. Female participants were found to have higher DCP VD and FAZ area values. Age showed a negative correlation with SCP and DCP VDs. PWV showed a negative correlation with parafoveal DCP VDs, but no correlation was observed between macular VDs and aortic diastolic and systolic pressures. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, age was found to have a negative impact on macular SCP and DCP VDs. In addition, higher arterial stiffness was found to correlate with a lower parafoveal DCP VD value. These findings suggest macular OCTA parameters may be used as early markers of systemic arterial disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".