Electrochemiluminescence of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-Dimethylformamide Passivated Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) have shown promising applications in biosensors and energy storage devices. However, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) properties of pristine BPQDs in an organic system have rarely been reported. In this paper, N, N ′-dimethylformamide passivated BPQDs with a small size of 2.3 nm were obtained by an ultrasonication-assisted liquid exfoliation process, and their ECL properties of BPQDs were studied. A reversible reduction peak was recorded by differential pulse voltammetry, while no apparent oxidation peak was observed. ECL signal was not seen in the annihilation route. Persulfate was proved to be an effective coreactant and yellow emission was observed which was greatly red-shifted in comparison to that of photoluminescence. ECL of BPQDs is believed to be generated from both the surface states and electron promotion over their band gap.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".