Assessing hygrothermal effects on the evaporative cooling of fruits with waste palm fruit fibre pads
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study explores using recycled waste palm fruit fibres as wetting pads in evaporative cooling (EVC) systems. The goal is to analyze how this wetting pad, influences the drivers of the EVC process and the effects on the quality of pre-cooled orange and papaya. The collected data is a foundation for analyzing transient heat responses during the pre-cooling process. To achieve this, we conducted cooling experiments using direct evaporative cooling (EVC) systems at a constant air delivery velocity of 4 m/s. The air delivery temperature for cooled fruits ranged from 25.8 °C to 20.2 °C at an air relative humidity range of 85.6 – 96.8 %. We develop heat transfer models to understand the cooling mechanism using established methods. Our results revealed that our active EVC reduced inlet temperature by ∼10 °C, with air delivery speed at 4 m s −1 . Our cooling efficiency ranged from 77% to 98.8%, and cooling capacity (CP) varied within 0.73 ≤ CP ≤ 2.52 kW. For orange and papaya, core temperatures reached 21.38 °C and 21.14 °C, respectively, in 16 hours from a peak of about 25.81 °C. Papaya exhibited a higher moisture loss per unit area and moisture flux of (1.03×10 −5 kg/m 2 .s) compared to orange (1.501×10 −7 kg/m 2 .s),. Fruit quality index analysis indicated low-quality loss (< 1%) for both fruits. Thus, orange lost approximately 0.00257% of its quality, while papaya lost 0.63% during cooling. The evaporative flux increased with temperature with Papaya having a higher evaporative flux than orange with a maximum value of 8.75 W while orange exhibited a maximum value of 0.0424 W.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".