Amino Acid and Hormonal Profiling of the Adrenal Gland in the Pin-Tailed Sandgrouse (Pterocles alchata)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amino acids serve structural and functional roles in organisms, while hormones regulate vital physiological processes.The adrenal gland produces life-critical hormones.Profiling amino acids and hormones in the adrenal gland can enhance our understanding of its biochemical composition and regulatory mechanisms.This study investigated the biochemical composition of the adrenal gland in the pin-tailed sandgrouse (Pterocles alchata), focusing on amino acid and hormone profiles.Adult sandgrouse were obtained, and their adrenal glands and blood samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for amino acids and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hormones.The results identified 18 amino acids in the adrenal gland, with serine (113.29 ± 6.62 µg/mL) and glutamic acid (108.40 ± 4.91 µg/mL) being most abundant, while phenylalanine showed the lowest concentration (37.65 ± 2.70 µg/mL).Hormonal analysis revealed significant seasonal variations.Cortisol, corticosterone, and adrenaline levels were elevated in May compared to February, with May levels recorded at 16.71 ± 0.18, 1.63 ± 0.11, and 41.42 ± 1.88 pg/mL, respectively, versus February levels of 14.63 ± 0.30, 1.14 ± 0.07, and 33.80 ± 1.56 pg/mL.The study revealed adrenal adaptations, key roles of serine and glutamic acid, and seasonal hormonal changes aiding avian conservation insights.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".