Effect of Deposition Temperature on the Chemical, Structural, Morphology and Electrical Properties of Drop-Cast Graphene Thin Film
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) exhibits excellent electrical, mechanical, thermal, optical properties, and biocompatibility, making it a versatile material with promising applications in various fields.The graphene layers in natural graphite are highly interconnected by pronounced π-π-stacking interactions.Confirmation of successful GO synthesis from graphite flakes using the modified Hummers method (MHM) is achieved through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform and infrared (FTIR) analysis.Subsequently, the GO films were deposited using spin coating and drop casting procedures.The graphene thin films deposited by spin coating exhibit an X-ray diffraction peak at 30.37° , whereas the graphene thin films deposited by drop casting have a peak at 26.63° , indicating successful exfoliation and increased inter-planar spacing in the latter.Graphene thin films deposited via the drop-casting technique undergo three thermal conditions tests incorporating unheated, preheated at 200℃, and post-heated at 80℃.Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in O-H stretching vibrations after the reaction between GO and annealed temperature at 800℃ compared to other thermal conditions.XRD analysis of the preheated at 200℃ samples reveals a characteristic peak at 26.635° , indicating successful reduction of GO to graphene.In addition, the analysis shows that graphene particles appear to be separated by a wider distance at room temperature compared to other thermal conditions; with platelet-like crystals visible in the graphite structure on the SEM analysis.The graphene surface displays a linear relationship between current voltage (I-V) across all thermal conditions, highlighting graphene's high conductivity.This analysis suggests that the optimum technique to obtained graphene thin film is by dropping GO onto glass substrates preheated at 200℃.The results indicate a considerable reduction in epoxy and hydroxyl groups, a less pronounced peak in the XRD analysis suggests that the graphite structure is distorted, leading to the successful formation of graphene sheets, and more crumpled thin sheets in the SEM image accumulated to form disordered structure material, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".