Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim and background: As rectal cancer diagnosis becomes more prevalent due to the increased awareness caused by campaigns, this study aims to focus on the demographics of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on 184 patients diagnosed with primary or second primary rectal cancer. Stage and site of tumor at diagnosis, gender, BMI, family history, histology, and metastasis are discussed throughout the paper. Results: The majority of the population (85.9%) were Bahraini, with males (57.6%) being more prevalent. A little over 50% of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer were aged 60 years or younger. In most cases, the tumors were spotted in the lower rectum (48.9%) and were diagnosed by the appearance of symptoms (91.8%). Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis showed that the overall survival for males is 95.3% and for females 93.6% for 1 year. Conclusion: The high number of Bahraini males diagnosed with rectal cancer highlights the importance of early screening and detection. The prevalence of the tumor in the lower rectum suggests the need for improved education on recognizing symptoms and seeking medical attention. Further research is required to establish a comprehensive national screening program for rectal cancer in Bahrain. Clinical Significance: Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of rectal cancer patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain is required to target early screening and public awareness. The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for future developments in rectal cancer diagnosis and treatment to improve survival outcomes. How to cite this article: Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):205-209.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".