Resistant wheat cultivars and fungicide applied at stem elongation or mid-anthesis are effective stripe rust control strategies in Saskatchewan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, has been observed frequently on wheat since 2010 in Saskatchewan. The deployment of resistant cultivars and the use of fungicides are common control measures for this disease. The effectiveness of fungicide application at various timings on wheat cultivars varying in resistance to the disease at two seeding dates was determined in central Saskatchewan from 2012 to 2016. Under high disease pressure, a single fungicide application at mid-anthesis growth stage of wheat seeded mid-May decreased disease severity of the susceptible cultivar ‘AC Barrie’ from 87% (unsprayed control) to 26% and protected yield by 59%. The response was somewhat less dramatic for the moderately resistant cultivar ‘CDC Imagine’; stripe rust severity was reduced from 54% to 14%, and yield protected by 32%. Similar effects of fungicide application were observed for thousand kernel weight, test weight and protein content. Furthermore, at a later seeding date (early June), fungicide application at stem elongation reduced stripe rust severity on the susceptible cultivar ‘AC Barrie’ from 87% to 51% and protected yield by 53%. Fungicide applied at the mid-anthesis stage had the same positive effect, reducing symptoms from 87% to 54% and increasing yield by 46%. Fungicide application had no detectable effect on stripe rust severity of the resistant cultivar ‘Lillian’ at any growth stage of either seeding date experiment. The study demonstrated that, under the conditions that prevail in Saskatchewan, a single fungicide application at stem elongation or mid-anthesis, depending on seeding date, can reduce disease severity, protect yield and improve grain quality in wheat cultivars susceptible and moderately resistant to stripe rust.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".