The First Managed Salt Marsh Restoration in New Brunswick, Canada: Lessons Learned
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ollerhead, J.; Abbandonato, H., and McLellan, N., 2024. The first managed salt marsh restoration in New Brunswick, Canada: Lessons learned. In: Phillips, M.R.; Al-Naemi, S., and Duarte, C.M. (eds.), Coastlines under Global Change: Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2024 (Doha, Qatar). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 113, pp. 705-709. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. In Maritime Canada, there is significant opportunity to conserve salt marshes, to preserve accommodation space into which salt marshes can migrate, and to undertake salt marsh restoration projects. The purpose of our study was to monitor the progress of a managed salt marsh restoration project at Musquash, NB, Canada. In 2005, a dyke (abandoned railway bed) was removed to allow salt water to once again flood an area of agricultural land that was reclaimed salt marsh. Prior to 2005, there was very limited hydrologic connectivity between the site and the macrotidal Musquash Estuary. Most of the vegetation was terrestrial. Since dyke removal, the hydrologic connections have restored and the site is regularly flooded with sea water. Between 2005 and 2022, the terrestrial vegetation died (e.g., Betula sp. trees) and was replaced by salt marsh species (e.g., Sporobolus sp.). Sediment has been deposited at a rate of 9.8 ± 4.0 mm/a, a rate greater than the estimated rate of relative sea level rise of 8.5 ± 3.5 mm/a (2010-2030). In 2021, 25 cores were collected from the site and analyzed using loss-on-ignition (LOI) to quantify amount of organic carbon compounds (Corg) with depth. Corg density was found to be 0.021 g/cm3 ± 0.004 g/cm3. Mean total carbon stock calculated from Corg values for the whole site was 51.9 Mg/ha. These values compare well to, and are higher than, values measured at other Bay of Fundy sites. The project is judged to be a success. Important salt marsh ecosystem services have been restored, nature-based protection is being provided for the adjacent highway, and Corg is being sequestered. Lessons learned have been subsequently applied to the successful restoration of other sites within the Bay of Fundy over the past 15 years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".