The Role of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate as a Prognostic Factor in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe type of stroke with high mortality and long-term disability rates. Early identification of patients at high risk of poor outcomes is crucial. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a nonspecific marker of inflammation, may serve as a prognostic indicator in ICH patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 82 ICH patients from December 2021 to February 2024. Patients were divided into high ESR (≥ 20 mm/h) and normal ESR (< 20 mm/h) groups. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months post-ICH. Logistic regression analyzed the association between ESR levels and outcomes. Results: Elevated ESR was observed in 35 patients (42.7%). Mortality rate at 6 months was significantly higher in the elevated ESR group (20% vs. 8.5%, P = 0.03), with elevated ESR being an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 2.5). Functional impairment (mRS > 3) was also higher in the elevated ESR group (65.7% vs. 34%, P = 0.002), with elevated ESR independently associated with functional impairment (OR = 3.1). Conclusions: Elevated ESR at admission is an independent predictor of mortality and functional impairment in ICH patients. ESR can aid in risk stratification and guide clinical decision-making, emphasizing the role of inflammation in ICH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".