Faba bean protein reduces lipid oxidation and changes physicochemical quality traits of hybrid beef burgers stored in high oxygen, and high nitrogen, modified atmosphere packaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oxidation during retail display of meat products in different packaging systems impacts shelf-life and quality. Faba bean protein isolate (FPI, a plant-based protein) can partially replace meat in formulation of hybrid meat products. This study aims to determine the effect of ingredients including FPI (0, 7.5, 15 %) and transglutaminase (TG, 0, 0.5 %), oxygen (O 2 )- vs nitrogen (N 2 )-based modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and storage time (0, 5, 10, 15 days) on the physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation, colour, and texture profile of hybrid burgers. Beef, and hybrid-burgers, became harder, springier and chewier in O 2 - and N 2 -MAP. O 2 -MAP had more influence on the texture of beef-burgers, relative to the hybrid-burgers. Hybrid-burgers showed lower lipid oxidation on day 0 than beef-burgers when fat content was similar, and had lower oxidation under high O 2 -MAP. TG helped to reduce moisture loss during display of hybrid burgers. All burgers became less light, red and more yellow in high O 2 -MAP during display. • Hybrid beef-faba bean burgers have lower lipid oxidation than beef burgers. • Transglutaminase enhances moisture retention without influencing hardness. • Gas mixture of MAP does not affect the texture profile of hybrid burgers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".