Correlation of aqueous and plasma levels of phosphorylated tau181 with age and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in individuals undergoing cataract surgery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) 181 was isolated in aqueous humor and was correlated with other measures that might be consistent with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) including higher plasma p‐tau181 concentrations and lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA blind version 7.1) scores. Method Blood samples, aqueous humor samples, and MoCA scores were collected from patients at the time of cataract surgery. Plasma p‐tau181 concentrations and aqueous p‐tau181 concentrations were then determined using ultra‐sensitive single‐molecule assay ELISA (SiMoA) technology. Associations were tested between aqueous and plasma concentration levels, aqueous concentration levels and MoCA score, plasma concentration levels and MoCA score, aqueous concentration and age, and plasma concentration and age. Result 49 eyes of 49 participants were enrolled. In this cohort, average age was 71.2 years, average MoCA score was 19.4/22, average plasma p‐tau181 concentration was 8.3 pg/mL and average aqueous p‐tau181 concentration was 3.2 pg/mL. Plasma p‐tau181 (Spearman’s rank rho=0.457, p= 0.01) and aqueous p‐tau181 (Spearman’s rank rho=0.324, p= 0.048) significantly increased with age. Higher plasma p‐tau181 was significantly associated with higher aqueous p‐tau181 (rho=0.457, p= 0.015). In 43 patients with no history of cognitive impairment, plasma p‐tau181 was negatively but not significantly associated with MoCA scores (rho= ‐0.391, p= 0.065). However, aqueous p‐tau181 was significantly negatively associated with MoCA scores (rho= ‐0.556, p= 0.009) in these patients. Conclusion p‐tau181 is measurable in aqueous humor and plasma. Its presence in the aqueous is correlated with its presence in plasma, with increasing age, and is negatively correlated with MoCA scores. Further study in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or AD confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid and volumetric MRI metrics may yield further insight.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".