Measurement Properties of the Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale-Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) is a valid, highly utilized measure for assessing ADL impacts in patients with Friedreich ataxia. We provide evidence of the psychometric validity of the FARS-ADL in two cohorts of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). METHODS: Using data from a cohort of real-world subjects with SCA (recruited at Massachusetts General Hospital [MGH]; n = 33) and a phase 3 trial of troriluzole in adults with SCA (NCT03701399 [Study 206]; n = 217), comprising a subset of patients with the SCA3 genotype (n = 89), the psychometric measurement properties and minimal change thresholds of the FARS-ADL were examined. RESULTS: = 0.86-0.87), and item-to-total correlations were acceptable (r = 0.55-0.89 per item). Convergent and divergent validity were supported with strong correlations demonstrated between FARS-ADL and scales measuring similar concepts (Neuro-QOL [Upper], Neuro-QOL [Lower], PROM-ADL, PROM-PHYS, and FARS-FUNC; all P < 0.001) and weaker correlations shown between measures of differing constructs. A two- to three-point threshold for meaningful changes was supported as 0.5 × SD = 2.43, SEM = 2.19. Mean changes from baseline for subjects classified as "improved," "no change," or "deteriorated" were -0.54, 0.22, and 1.47, respectively. Similar trends were observed in the Study 206 all-SCA and SCA3 cohorts. CONCLUSION: Psychometric evaluation showed that the FARS-ADL performed well on analyses examining the reliability and validity of the measure and can detect meaningful changes in patients with SCA, including those with SCA3. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03701399 (Study 206).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".