NAC transcription factor PpNAP4 modulates sucrose accumulation by activating the expression of PpSUS1 and PpSPS2 during peach ripening
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sugars are crucial in determining fruit quality and significantly affect the commercial value. Sucrose is the primary soluble sugar in ripe peach fruit. However, the regulatory mechanism of sucrose synthesis in peach fruit, especially during natural ripening, remains largely unexplored. This study identified two structural genes of peach ( Prunus persica , ‘Jinlinghuanglu’), PpSUS1 and PpSPS2 , whose expression was strongly correlated with sucrose accumulation. The transcription factors that regulated the expression of these two genes during peach fruit ripening were screened; and three NACs (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2), whose expression also significantly correlated with sucrose accumulation, were identified. Notably, PpNAP4 (NAC-like, activated by APETALA3/PISTILLATA) displayed the highest activation activity toward the PpSUS1 and PpSPS2 promoters. The direct binding activity was confirmed using luciferase imaging and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The sucrose content and expression of sucrose synthesis-related genes significantly increased when PpNAP4 was overexpressed in peach fruit and the tomato nor mutant. Moreover, PpNAP4 functioned synergistically with PpNAP6 to modulate sucrose synthesis, and PpNAP4 targeted its own promoter and feedback-activated its own expression. This research unveils a novel regulatory mechanism controlling sucrose accumulation in peach fruit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".