Key considerations for effective optical excitation of low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide terahertz emitters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work shows the characterization and optimization of the optical excitation conditions for low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) terahertz (THz) emitters, given attention to the numerical aperture (NA) of the microscope objective and its defocusing distance. Our pump-probe transmission and THz emission analyses show that low-NA (0.35) and high-NA (0.65) microscope objectives photoexcite charge carriers within the LT-GaAs epilayer and semi-insulating GaAs (SI-GaAs) substrate. However, only the high-NA (0.65) microscope objective can localize the charge carriers in the LT-GaAs epilayer. The defocusing distance for this objective can then be varied to fully optimize the THz bandwidth and dynamic range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".