Sleep Disturbance and Postconcussive Symptoms in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Orthopedic Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbance (SD) is common after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and may predict increased postconcussive symptoms (PCS) and prolonged recovery. Our objective was to investigate the relation of SD with PCS in children with mTBI and those with orthopedic injury (OI). SETTING: Emergency departments (EDs) at 2 children's hospitals in the Midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS: Children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years old diagnosed with either a mTBI ( n = 143) or OI ( n = 74) and recruited within 24 hours postinjury. DESIGN: Observational, prospective, concurrent cohort study with longitudinal follow-up. MAIN MEASURES: Parents rated children's preinjury sleep retrospectively shortly after injury, and postinjury sleep at 3 and 6 months postinjury, using the Sleep Disorders Inventory for Students. Parents rated children's preinjury symptoms retrospectively in the emergency department, and parents and children rated PCS at 3 and 6 months, using the Health and Behavior Inventory and the Postconcussive Symptom Interview. Weekly ratings on the Health and Behavior Inventory were also obtained remotely. RESULTS: Postinjury SD was modestly but not significantly higher in the mTBI group compared to the OI group ( P = .060, d = 0.32). Children with mTBI who were symptomatic postacutely based on parent ratings had worse parent-rated sleep outcomes at 3 and 6 months postinjury compared to children who were not symptomatic. Greater preinjury SD also predicted more postinjury SD and more severe PCS regardless of injury type. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest potential bidirectional associations between SD and PCS after mTBI. Studies of treatments for SD following pediatric mTBI are needed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".