Self-Reported Burden and Health-Related Quality of Life in Acute Kidney Injury Survivors Compared with Patients with Advanced CKD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Key Points Patients recently discharged after a severe AKI episode have a low health-related quality of life. This self-reported quality of life is comparable with that of people living with advanced CKD. Background Survivors of severe AKI are at risk of increased morbidity. There are limited data of the quality of life (QOL) of patients who recently have had an AKI episode. The purpose of this study was to explore the health-related QOL of severe AKI survivors when compared with patients living with advanced CKD. Methods A prospective observational cohort study of severe AKI survivors who attended follow-up in a specialized post-AKI clinic was compared with a cohort of patients with advanced stage 4 or 5 CKD followed in a dedicated nephrology clinic. Self-reported health-related QOL was determined with the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) and compared between both groups. Results A total of 100 participants were included in this analysis. As opposed to participants with CKD, AKI survivors were younger (median age: 63 [52–72] versus 72 [62–79] years) and had lower comorbidities (median Charlson index: 5 [2–7] versus 8 [6–9]) and higher eGFR at follow-up (median: 60 [40–82] versus 15 [12–20]). The overall QOL reported by AKI survivors was not statistically different from participants with advanced CKD (median TBQ score: 19.0 [6.5–43.8] versus 25 [12.8–43.0]), P = 0.45). The only domain where a significant difference was observed between the two cohorts was dietary restrictions ( P = 0.037). A negative correlation between age and TBQ score was observed (Spearman's rank: −0.23 [ P = 0.02]), especially in participants with CKD (−0.51 [ P = 0.001]), meaning older participants reported a lower effect on health-related QOL, and between eGFR and TBQ (−0.20 [ P = 0.049]), meaning participants with lower eGFR reported lower health-related QOL. No correlation was observed for hospital length of stay, burden of medication, or follow-up duration since hospital discharge. Conclusions This study showed that health-related QOL of patients recently discharged after a severe AKI episode is comparable with the low QOL reported by patients living with advanced CKD. How to integrate that information into clinical practice when offering post-AKI care requires further research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".