Femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification plus IOL implant: Toric IOL vs astigmatism keratotomy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims/Purpose: This study aimed at comparing the clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser‐assisted cataract surgery (FSACS) performing astigmatic keratotomy (AK) and toric intraocular lens (IOLt) implantation for astigmatism correction. Methods: Based on autorefractor and corneal topography, all patients underwent pre‐operative and postoperative examinations including comparatively assessing refractive astigmatism, best corrected visual acuity and corneal high order aberrations. Results: This retrospective case series comprised a total of 20 eyes (IOLt: AK = 10: 10) of 16 patients (mean age: 62.70 ± 1.89 years). Refraction status was 1.98 ± 0.22 in IOLt (0.75~3.00 D) vs 1.95 ± 0.23 in AK (0.55~3.08 D). The follow‐up periods 9.63 ± 1.15 months after surgery. Total corneal astigmatism (CAtot) were 1.73 ± 0.20 D in IOLt/2.28 ± 0.23 D in AK preoperatively and significantly (p < 0.01/p < 0.001) reduced to 0.80 ± 0.17 D in IOLt/1.13 ± 0.07 D in AK. The pre‐operative and postoperative reduction in astigmatism between IOLt (0.93 ± 0.32 D) and AK (1.15 ± 0.21) was not significantly (p = 0.56) different. However, anterior corneal astigmatism (CAant) were 1.99 ± 0.21 D in IOLt/1.95 ± 0.23 in AK preoperatively and not significantly/significantly (p = 0.36/p < 0.05) reduced to 1.73 ± 0.18 D in IOLt/1.10 ± 0.18 D in AK. Regarding CAant, the pre‐operative and postoperative reduction in astigmatism between IOLt (0.36 ± 0.25 D) and AK (0.69 ± 0.21 D) was not significantly (p = 0.3) different. Pre‐FSACS IOLt total corneal HOAs (0.47 ± 0.15) decreased, but not significantly, after FSACS IOLt (0.41 ± 0.11; p = 0.76). However, pre‐FSACS AK total corneal HOAs (0.19 ± 0.02) significantly increased after FSACS AK (0.29 ± 0.03; p < 0.01). Furthermore, the pre‐operative and postoperative changes in total corneal HOAs between IOLt (‐0.06 ± 0.04) and AK (0.10 ± 0.02 D) were significantly (p < 0.01) different. Best corrected visual acuity (Snellen E) was preoperatively 0.42 ± 0.02 in IOLt/0.38 ± 0.02 in AK and significantly (p < 0.001) increased to 0.82 ± 0.06 in IOLt/0.74 ± 0.07 in AK postoperatively. The preoperative and postoperative BCVA alteration was not significant between two groups (IOLt vs AK: 0.40 ± 0.04 vs 0.36 ± 0.07; p = 0.64). Conclusions: IOLt implantation efficient and harmless for correcting preoperative astigmatism in FSACS in a short period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".