Sex-modulated association between thyroid stimulating hormone and informant-perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults: Prediction models and relevant cutoff value
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the association between thyroid function and perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults. Non-depressed Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants with complete Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI/NPI-Q) were included. The association between anxiety and thyroid function was assessed by logistic regression and sex stratification. Restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate non-linearity in the association. The median age of 2,114 eligible participants was 73 years (68–78), 1,117 (52.84%) were males, and the median TSH was 1.69 µIU/mL. There was a significant association between TSH and informant-perceived anxiety in the total study population (OR Model1 = 0.86, 95%CI 0.76–0.97, p = 0.011), even after adjusting for bio-demographical (adj.OR Model2 = 0.85, 95%CI 0.75–0.96, p = 0.007), and socio-cognitive confounders (adj.OR Model3 = 0.84, 95%CI 0.73–0.96, p = 0.009). Sex-stratification showed similar significant results in all male-specific models (OR Model1-male = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85, p Model1-male < 0.001). In the general population and males, a TSH value of 2.4 µIU/dL was a significant cutoff under which anxiety odds were significantly high, even after adjusting for confounders. The sex-dependent association between TSH levels and perceived anxiety in non-depressed older adults is a novel finding that has to be further explored for a better understanding of the underlying neurobehavioral biology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".