Where have all the rabies cases gone? Results of rabies virus surveillance in wildlife in the Yukon, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rabies continues to affect wildlife and domestic animals in northern Canada and Alaska, but no cases have been reported in the Yukon since the 1970s. To better understand the presence of rabies in the territory, a surveillance program began in 2009, using opportunistically collected samples from 13 species of wild mammals. Samples were collected from trapped wildlife through carcass collection programs, from animals that were found dead by the public, and those involved in human-wildlife conflict or in vehicle collisions. All samples ( n = 763) were negative for rabies virus antigen. Five (<1% of individuals tested) Arctic foxes ( Vulpes lagopus), the primary reservoir of the Arctic rabies strain, were tested. Canada lynx ( Lynx canadensis; n = 290; 38%), wolverine ( Gulo gulo; n = 108; 14%), wolf ( Canis lupus; n = 105; 14%), red fox ( Vulpes vulpes; n = 90; 12%), and little brown bats ( Myotis lucifugus; n = 55; 7%) comprised the majority of animals sampled. Shifts in distributional ranges of species and movements of migratory populations or dispersing individuals, especially from adjacent jurisdictions where rabies is reported, may rapidly alter rabies transmission dynamics in the Yukon. Thus, more targeted surveillance of reservoir species, especially at jurisdictional borders, is recommended to monitor for changes in rabies prevalence in the Yukon.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".