Modulation of in vitro Network Activity by Optogenetic Stimulation of Parvalbumin-positive Interneurons During Estrous Cycle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Catamenial epilepsy, which is defined as a periodicity of seizure exacerbation occurring during the menstrual cycle, has been reported in up to 70% of epileptic women. These seizures are often non-responsive to medication and our understanding of the relation between menstrual cycle and seizure generation (i.e. ictogenesis) remains limited. METHODS: 4-aminopyridine model of epileptiform synchronization, to analyze the effects induced by optogenetic activation of parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons at 8 Hz during estrous and non-estrous phases in female PV-ChR2 mice. RESULTS: We found that: (i) optogenetic stimulation of PV-positive interneurons induced an initial interictal spike followed by field oscillations occurring more often in estrous (59%) than in non-estrous slices (17%); (ii) these oscillations showed significantly higher power in estrous compared to nonestrous slices (p < 0.001); (iii) significantly higher rates of interictal spikes and ictal discharges were identified in both estrous and non-estrous slices during optogenetic stimulation of PV-positive interneurons compared to periods of no stimulation (p < 0.05); and (iv) ictal events appeared to occur more frequently during optogenetic stimulation in estrous compared to non-estrous slices. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that optogenetic activation of PV-interneurons leads to more powerful network oscillations and more frequent ictal discharges in estrous than in non-estrous slices. We conclude that during the rodent estrous cycle, PV-interneuron hyperexcitability may play a role in epileptiform synchronization and thus in catamenial seizures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".