Genetic stratigraphy of the Fort Scott Limestone (Pennsylvanian, Desmoinesian), southeastern Kansas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The punctuated aggradational cycle (PAC) approach of Anderson and Goodwin (1980) and transgressive-regressive units of Busch and Rollins (1984) were used to differentiate small-scale [1-3 m (3.3-10 ft) thick] genetic units in strata of the 9+-m-thick (30+-ft-thick) Fort Scott Limestone (Marmaton Group, Desmoinesian Stage, Middle Pennsylvanian Series) of southeastern Kansas, northeastern Oklahoma, and west-central Missouri. Nine outcrop exposures were observed directly, and information from 20 stratigraphic sections was taken from the literature. The lithologic sequence of the Marmaton Group is similar to cyclothems of the Illinois basin, and thus the genesis of coal is important. Many recent studies have interpreted midcontinent sedimentary strata using Heckel's (1977) model of the basic Kansas cyclothem, which emphasizes a lithostratigraphic approach. The PAC hypothesis is a genetic approach that provides a chronostratigraphic framework for interpreting the strata, reveals a more detailed sea-level history compared to the cyclothem approach, and provides more details for inferring the paleotopography, structural controls, paleogeography and paleoclimatology of the interval. We have identified four (possibly five) sixth-order cycles (Brett et al., 1990) or PACs (Goodwin and Anderson, 1985), which include as many flooding surfaces, in an interval previously interpreted as one cyclothem [the upper Fort Scott cyclothem of Knight (1985)]. These PACs can be traced and correlated throughout the outcrop area, a distance of over 300 km (190 mi), and are similar to small-scale cycles recognized by others in the Triassic of Italy and in the Silurian-Devonian sequence of New York. Recognition and correlation of sixth-order cycles (Brett et al., 1990) or PACs is of value to sedimentary modelers because the more detailed relative sea-level curves and finer scale stratigraphic details will result in better defined parameters, such as sedimentation rates, magnitudes of sea-level changes, and climatic perturbations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".