The effects of wingtip modifications on the wake of horizontal axis wind turbines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study the impact of a novel wingtip modification on the wake dynamics of a 10-MW horizontal axis wind turbine using delayed detached eddy simulation. We considered a baseline turbine without wingtip modifications and a turbine equipped with winglets. The results reveal that the winglet significantly alters the near and mid wake regions, increasing the velocity deficit and reducing turbulence intensity in the near wake while minimally affecting the far wake beyond the distance of nine rotor diameters. The vortex rings from the blade tips decay faster in the wake of the modified turbine, reducing the wake energy and vorticity. The budget of mean kinetic energy transport shows that the winglet reduces the turbulence production in the near wake while increasing the turbulence convection and production in the far wake region. To study the meandering in the far wake of two turbine configurations, the dominant Strouhal number and the standard deviation of the wake center were studied. The results indicated that the winglet does not notably affect the amplitude of the wake meandering. Furthermore, the winglet increased turbine power production by 4.5% and thrust by 1.5% while reducing power and torque fluctuations by 10%. Although the winglet affected near wake dynamics, its influence on the far wake is minimal, suggesting potential benefits for wind farm design where turbines are not closely spaced.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".