A Reconfigurable Current-Mode Antialiasing Filter for Low-Frequency Industrial Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a current-mode antialiasing filter (AAF) based on second-generation current-controlled current conveyors (CCCII). It is specifically aimed at kHz-range industrial applications. The filter comprises two CCCIIs and two triple-MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) grounded capacitors. An OpAmp-based voltage-controlled current source handles the bias current control. The cutoff frequency of the proposed second-order AAF can be continuously tuned by exploiting the inversely proportional relationship between the parasitic impedance at the input X-terminal of the CCCII and its DC bias current, without relying on any additional circuitry. The performance of the proposed design has been validated through post-layout and corner SPECTRE simulations using a 0.18 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mu \mathrm{m}$</tex> HV CMOS SOI process. The <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-3\ \mathrm{d}\mathrm{P}$</tex> cutoff frequency can be continuously tuned between 3.9 kHz and 34.9 kHz. A passband gain error of 1.127 % is reported, along with a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 3.96 % for a 20 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mu \mathrm{A}$</tex> peak-to-peak, 5 kHz sine wave input. The solution requires 0.67 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$mm^{2}$</tex> core area when leveraging triple-Mimcapacitors offered in the process. The proposed architecture achieves a control accuracy of 0.32 % with respect to the associated theoretical model, and 0.951 decades of tuning range. It consumes 3.52 mW under a supply voltage of 5 V.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".