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Record W4406899260 · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2025.104890

A Hazard Does Not Always Equate to a Risk: Cronobacter is a rare opportunistic pathogen and the greatest risk is only for a small sub-population of infants and only associated with powdered infant formula or human breast milk

2025· article· en· W4406899260 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueTrends in Food Science & Technology · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicEnterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Guelph
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHazardOpportunistic pathogenRare eventsPopulationMedicineRisk analysis (engineering)Environmental healthBiologyEcologyGeneticsMathematicsStatistics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cronobacter infections can result in a rare, but severe disease in infants and especially neonates. Powdered infant formula (PIF), formula for special medical purposes and human milk fortifiers are considered relevant for the exposure and risk of this organism. Recently, there have been a number of recalls due to the presence of Cronobacter spp. in infant cereals. These products are, however, generally not consumed by neonates or very young infants and there have been no reported Cronobacter infections in infants under the age of 12 months linked to the consumption of an infant cereal. Therefore, Cronobacter should not be considered a risk in these foods. The same reasoning can be followed for any other food product apart from PIF. The focus for Cronobacter control should be on PIF for infants less than 6 months of age, breast milk, and general hygiene in the environment and food preparation area for this age group, and even more so for newborns less than 2 months of age, premature infants and infants with weakened immune systems. • Cronobacter spp. can be isolated from many different environments and foods. • Control should focus on powdered infant formula and formula for special medical purposes. • Recalls of other food types results in unnecessary waste, costs and potential shortages without likely public health benefits.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.167
Threshold uncertainty score0.870

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.292
Teacher spread0.271 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it