Habitat and identification of scyphozoan polyps in Bages-Sigean lagoon (France)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polyps are important stage in the medusozoan jellyfish life cycle, but the ecology of wild populations is still poorly understood. For some species, like Rhizostoma pulmo, polyps have never been reported in the wild. The Bages-Sigean lagoon is a Mediterranean, semi-enclosed lagoon with seasonally abundant Aurelia coerulea and R. pulmo medusae. Given its semi-closed nature and because ephyrae are commonly observed, it is likely that the polyps of both species reside in the lagoon. Our study aimed to characterize the polyp species distribution for this lagoon by performing snorkeling surveys of the potential polyp substrates, such as wood, concrete, buoys and bivalves. We observed polyp colonies at five sites, all on the underside of floating polypropylene docks despite the diversity of available substrates. Identification of the jellyfish species was performed in two ways: by strobilation then development of the ephyrae in aquaria, and by DNA sequencing of the collected polyps. All five sites produced A. coerulea medusae, but we were unable to locate polyps of R. pulmo despite surveying substrates that the planulae settle on under laboratory conditions. This study underscores the need to improve our ability to locate polyps in the wild by expanding laboratory studies to include more species, increasing sampling efforts and substrates in the field, and applying new methods (e.g., eDNA, hydrodynamic modeling).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".