A 400-Mbps 1.05 pJ/Bit IR-UWB Transmitter for High-Density Neural Recording Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This brief presents an impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) transmitter (TX) designed for miniature multi-channel neural recording platforms in freely moving laboratory animals. We introduce a 5-bit data-to-time modulation technique utilizing a 5-cell capacitive array. This approach minimizes the data rate’s dependency on pulse repetition frequency, while significantly reducing power dissipation and simplifying the TX’s architecture. Measurement results with the TX fabricated in TSMC 65-nm standard CMOS technology show that the proposed circuit provides a linear time change in the pulsewidth with a time step of 84 ps in average for every least significant bit in the input. Furthermore, the entire circuit consumes only$422~{\mu }$W from a 0.65-V supply. The proposed TX achieves a significantly low energy consumption of 1.05 pJ/bit at 400 Mbps in a 0.5-m transmission range. The fabricated circuit occupies 0.255 mm2 of die area including pads.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".