A 400-Mbps 1.05 pJ/Bit IR-UWB Transmitter for High-Density Neural Recording Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This brief presents an impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) transmitter (TX) designed for miniature multi-channel neural recording platforms in freely moving laboratory animals. We introduce a 5-bit data-to-time modulation technique utilizing a 5-cell capacitive array. This approach minimizes the data rate’s dependency on pulse repetition frequency, while significantly reducing power dissipation and simplifying the TX’s architecture. Measurement results with the TX fabricated in TSMC 65-nm standard CMOS technology show that the proposed circuit provides a linear time change in the pulsewidth with a time step of 84 ps in average for every least significant bit in the input. Furthermore, the entire circuit consumes only <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$422~{\mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>W from a 0.65-V supply. The proposed TX achieves a significantly low energy consumption of 1.05 pJ/bit at 400 Mbps in a 0.5-m transmission range. The fabricated circuit occupies 0.255 mm2 of die area including pads.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".