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Record W4407097814 · doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3538012

Cyber-Physical Interdependence for Power System Operation and Control

2025· article· en· W4407097814 on OpenAlex
Ioannis Zografopoulos, Ankur Srivastava, Charalambos Konstantinou, Junbo Zhao, Amir Abiri Jahromi, Astha Chawla, Bang Le-Huy Nguyen, Siqi Bu, Chendan Li, Fei Teng, Preetham Goli, Juan Ospina, Mohammad Asim Aftab, Mohammadreza F. M. Arani, Ömer Sen, Panayiotis Moutis, Pudong Ge, Qinglai Guo, Subham Sahoo, Subhash Lakshminarayana, Tuyen Vu, Zhaoyuan Wang

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicSmart Grid Security and Resilience
Canadian institutionsToronto Metropolitan University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsControl (management)Control systemElectric power systemCyber-physical systemPower controlComputer sciencePower (physics)Control engineeringEngineeringControl theory (sociology)Electrical engineeringPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper summarizes the technical endeavors undertaken by the Task Force (TF) on Cyber-Physical Interdependence for Power System Operation and Control. The TF was established to investigate the cyber-physical interdependence of critical power system elements and their influence on the operation and control of energy systems. State-of-the-art analysis techniques, including co-simulation and digital twin technologies, are employed to address various layers of interdependence between cyber and physical systems, facilitating the identification of potential threats and vulnerabilities. The paper examines prospective trajectories for resilient cyber-physical systems and outlines the educational and workforce training imperatives for addressing cybersecurity threats in contemporary power systems. Furthermore, concluding remarks and future recommendations are provided to mitigate the inherent vulnerabilities within the extensively interoperable grid infrastructure.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.882
Threshold uncertainty score0.498

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.216
Teacher spread0.212 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it