Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma spp. Against Phytophthora ramorum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of Sudden Oak Death and related diseases, threatens over 130 tree and shrub species. We evaluated the biocontrol potential of isolates from nine Trichoderma species against P. ramorum using growth-rate studies, dual-culture assays, and culture-filtrate assays. Results showed significant variation in Trichoderma growth rates and biocontrol potential. Some isolates exhibited rapid growth, effective overgrowth, and lethal effects against P. ramorum and produced potent antagonistic metabolites. Faster growth rates only partially correlated with biocontrol efficacy, indicating that factors beyond growth, such as metabolite production, play significant roles. Notably, isolates of T. koningii, T. viride, and the commercial product SoilGard™ (T. virens) showed promising efficacy. We calculated a combined biocontrol variable to rank isolates based on vigour and efficacy to aid in identifying promising candidates. Our findings support the use of Trichoderma spp. as biocontrol agents against P. ramorum and underscore the need for a multifaceted approach to selecting and optimizing isolates. Our evaluation demonstrated the importance of using different assays to assess specific mechanisms of action of biocontrol candidates. Future research should further explore these interactions to enhance the sustainable management of P. ramorum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".