The social organization of structural vulnerability among people who are homeless and use drugs: an institutional ethnography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background In this article, we describe an institutional ethnographic investigation of the housing and homelessness response in one municipality in Ontario, Canada.Methods Drawing on 42 interviews with social service professionals and municipal government employees and 49 interviews with people who are or have been using municipal housing and homeless services (e.g. emergency shelters, mobile healthcare, outreach services, transitional housing), we bring into view some of the inter-institutional and organizational processes that shape housing precarity among people who use drugs.Results Our research pinpoints specific institutionally-organized processes – i.e. structural vulnerabilities – that expose people who use drugs to housing loss, unsheltered homelessness, and difficulties in re-housing (or homeless chronicity). In many cases, the processes also make people more vulnerable to harms associated with substance use.Conclusion The specificity of our analysis points toward policy, legislative and institutional reforms that could improve access to justice, health, and housing for people who use drugs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".