A novel sorption reactor for sorption heat transformers: Thermal energy storage system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• A detailed synthesis approach was developed for disk-shaped sorbent composite. • A novel shell-and-tube sorption reactor was introduced, fabricated, and tested. • The prototype achieved an energy storage density of 0.74 MJ/kg. • The heating coefficient of performance reached 0.98 over a 20-minute cycle. This study addresses some of the critical limitations of current sorption heat transformer systems, particularly their cost, size and weight, which hinder their widespread adoption in various applications. A novel shell-and-tube sorption reactor design was proposed, featuring a lightweight shell instead of the conventional vacuum chambers typically used to encase the sorption reactor. In the proposed design, the sorbent material, synthesized in a disk-shaped form, was placed inside the tubes, while the heat transfer fluid flowed between the shell and the tubes. Comprehensive material characterization, including thermal diffusivity measurement, thermogravimetry, and porosimetry, was performed on the sorption materials. A proof-of-concept demonstration lab-scale prototype was designed, built, and tested. Using the disk-shaped composite, a significantly more active sorption composite per available volume was installed in the proposed sorption reactor which increased the energy storage density, while reducing the complexity and the cost of the system. Calorimetric large pressure jump tests on the proposed sorption reactor have shown a 0.74 MJ/kg energy storage density, a coefficient of performance for heating of 0.98 for 20-minute cycle time (1.4 for 90-minute cycle time), and specific power of 267 W/kg (20-min cycle time) for a 4.3 dm 3 module under the nominal operating conditions of 90 °C, 30 °C, 30 °C, 15 °C, desorption, sorption, condenser, evaporator, respectively; where there is considerable room for performance improvement in the current sorption reactor. Considering that the energy density range for lithium-ion batteries is 0.46–0.72 MJ/kg, this demonstrates the competitiveness of thermal storage, particularly in comparison to the more expensive lithium-ion batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".