Hybrid Modulation for a SHB-FB Converter Employed in An Integrated On-board Charger and Auxiliary Power Module
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a highly integrated EV charger that offers multiple charging modes, including a three-phase input 11 kW on-board charger (OBC) and a 2.6 kW auxiliary power module (APM). The proposed multi-level, three-port topology achieves magnetic and topological integration simultaneously and accommodates the three-phase (3P) 480VAC, 800V DC bus using 650V GaN HEMTs. A mathematical model of the ZVS boundary of the proposed Stacked half bridge (SHB)- full-bridge (FB) converter is built. One hybrid modulation method is further proposed to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) for a wide power and voltage range. A liquid-cooled prototype is built to validate the proposed integration method and hybrid modulation. Experimental results verified the OBC and APM modes of the proposed topology and the effectiveness of the hybrid modulation in improving the light-load efficiency by achieving ZVS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".