Effect of Neonatal Interventions with Specific Micronutrients and Bovine Colostrum on Micronutrient and Oxidative Statuses and on Gut Microbiota in Piglets from Birth to Post-Weaning Period
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of supplementations of copper, vitamins A and D (ADCU), and a bovine colostrum extract (BC) on the micronutrient status, antioxidant status, and intestinal microbiota of piglets until the post-weaning period. Twenty-three sows were fed conventional gestation and lactation diets, and twenty-four sows were fed conventional diets supplemented with ADCU. For each litter, all piglets received one of four treatments during lactation: no supplementation; ADCU; BC; and ADCU + BC. Within each litter, one low (LW) and one high birth weight (HW) piglet were euthanized before and after weaning to collect liver and intestinal samples. Serum vitamin D, liver retinol, and liver Cu were greater in ADCU piglets (p < 0.01), mostly before weaning. After weaning, liver Cu decreased markedly with a drop of 75% in all treatments, despite high levels of Cu in their post-weaning diets. The antioxidant status of piglets was not globally altered by treatments (p > 0.05). For microbiota composition, sow supplementation increased (p < 0.01) richness in bacterial species in the piglet colon, either before or shortly after weaning. Short-chain fatty acids in caecal digesta were increased by sow supplementation in LW piglets before weaning at 16 days of age (p < 0.05). In conclusion, oral supplementations to piglets increased postnatal micronutrient statuses during lactation, but this did not generally persist after weaning. Treatments to sows or piglets did not improve the response of piglets to oxidative stress, but supplementation to sows favoured gut microbiota diversity, particularly in LW piglets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".