Development of PowerMag System II for Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells with Improved Purity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The PowerMag system (PM) is a platform for the isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) by the depletion of CD45+-leukocytes. However, an EpCAM−CD45− cell population is present in large numbers in the cell filtrates collected by PM. This lowers the purity of the CTCs and negatively impacts their molecular characterization. The aims of this study are to characterize the cellular properties of the EpCAM−CD45− cells and to upgrade the system to improve CTC purity. Methods: A real-time RT-PCR assay, Liu’s stain analysis, and Annexin V (AnxV) binding assay were used to define the cellular properties of the EpCAM−CD45− cells. An upgraded system was developed to remove the EpCAM−CD45− cells and improve the CTC purity. Clinical blood samples were used to evaluate the performance of the system. Results: The EpCAM−CD45− cells were defined as apoptotic cells, which displayed apoptotic body-like morphology and elicited AnxV binding activity. AnxV beads developed in-house can effectively bind and remove EpCAM−CD45− cells from the cell filtrates. An improved generation of a CTCs isolation platform, designated as PM II, was developed by integration of AnxV beads into the workflow to remove the apoptotic cells. PM II recovered CTCs with improved CTC purity by effective removal of the background apoptotic cells. The improved performance of PM II allowed for direct profiling of cancer-related gene mutations by next-generation sequencing without cell picking and further purification. Conclusions: PM II holds great promise as a platform for isolating CTCs with improved purity and for exploring its application in cancer diagnosis and monitoring in a clinical setting.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".