From Hourly to Quarter-Hourly: Effects of Metering Intervals on Self-Consumption Ratios and Economic Viability of Solar Photovoltaic Systems in Finnish Residential Buildings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Finnish residential buildings has significantly increased, reflecting broader global trends. A crucial element in the investment evaluation of these systems is the self-consumption ratio (SCR). Self-consumed energy reduces costs on energy purchases, taxes, and distribution system operator (DSO) fees, thus linking the SCR with profitability. This study explores the effects of transitioning from hourly to 15-minute metering intervals on SCR and the consequent financial outcomes. This research utilizes actual consumption data from 10 detached and 10 multi-dwelling buildings (MDB) in Finland and simulated production in 15-minute intervals to evaluate SCR impacts across various system sizes. Detached buildings (DB) were analyzed with system sizes of 3 kWp, 5 kWp, and 7 kWp, and MDBs with 10 kWp, 20 kWp, and 30 kWp. Results reveal SCR decreases from -0.60% to -4.52% across all DB’s PV system sizes, with corresponding financial benefits decreasing by - 1.02% to -3.67%. In MDBs, SCR decreases ranged from -0.01% to -4.61%, with financial impacts decreasing by -0.01% to - 3.41%. These findings underscore the variability of SCR influenced by metering intervals and site-specific factors such as production and consumption patterns, providing substantial data to the discourse on sustainable energy practices in residential settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".