Pediatric intraarticular ganglion cyst with extraarticular extension in the knee: A case report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In total, there are fewer than ten reported cases of intraarticular ganglion cysts in the pediatric population. Herein, we report a rare case of intraarticular ganglion cyst inside the knee with extraarticular extension in a 5-year-old child. CASE PRESENTATION: A 5-year-old boy presented with an anterior knee mass associated with limping, and limited range of motion in the right knee for 1 year. Surgical excision with arthroscopy was performed to treat the intraarticular ganglion cyst with extraarticular extension. At follow-up, the mass had completely detached, and the patient had full range of motion without complaints or recurrence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Ganglion cysts are benign lesions, and are extremely rare in pediatric age groups with fewer than ten cases reported in the literature. We report this case as the first infrapatellar fat pad ganglion cyst with anterolateral extraarticular extension via the lateral reticulum, compared to previous reported cases, which were pure intraarticular cysts the majority of which had an ACL origin. CONCLUSION: The clinical manifestation of a rare ganglion cyst in the knee is variable. Magnetic resonance imaging is the cornerstone of diagnosis. Treatment varies according to the cyst location, and requires analysis of the mass, meticulous preoperative planning, and experienced surgeons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".